Pneumatic-hammer device.



L. G. FISCHER. PNEUMATIC HAMMER DEVICE.

Patented Oct. 15, 1912.

' @WMJQ/MJQ L APPLICATION FILED T15R14, 1 911.

. lm (m M MW haw N {Q m w @Nwwm w M a w A N WW T0 all whom it may concern: a Freeman, a citizen of the United States, residing at .formintg aeussefmsesss es Hans-Issues, rsnnsrsvama.

rrmnmsmo fisiarssn. DEVICE.

1,941,057, Specification of Letters Estent. Patented Oct. 15, 912,

a Application filed February is, 1911. serial No. 608,574.

Be'it known that I, LOUIS G:

IIarrisbur in the county of Dauphinand State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pneumatic-Hammer Devices, of which the f ollowing is'a specification, reference-being had therein to the accompanying drawing. My invention relates to pneumaticallyporated devices and, more particularly, to

the class thereof which includes riveting hammers,.chipping hammers, and the like.

An object of my invention is to provide in devices of the character specified, means for retaining and for preventing the accidental displacement of the riveting or other tool from the barrel in which-it is normally sup orted; and, also, to make the parts of sum construction and form that they may be 'interchan ed when it is desired to substitute atool of different size or character.

' In the accom anying drawings, wherein I have illustrated one of several possible em- ,bodiments of my invention, Figure 1 is a view in sectional elevation illustrative of my invcntiom'FigL 2 is a fragmentary view in sectional elevation of the barrel with the other parts removed; Fig. 3 is'an eleva-' tional view ofthe riveting tool or die; and

Figs. 4, 5- and 6 are detai views of certain parts of the device. 7

Referring to the drawings, the referencenumeral 1 designates the hammer-l'mrrel a part of the hand-supported structure o a pneumatic-hammer, herein (1081"- nated generally by 2, and which is of wellkuown form and construction and which is to be connected with a suitable source of power. The barrel is provided with a central bore 3 and at its' end with-a noseelement 4 threaded or otherwise secured in the barrel. This nose-element 18'80 formed as to constitute a guide and support for a '-'riveting or; other form of tool or member The tool, in the preferred embodiment of my invention-,is formed with a shank or stem 0 adapted to extendinto the bore 3 of the bIIIXGli -NGIII its rear end, the shank portion of the shanked tool-member.

member. The bore of that portion of the barrel which surrounds the shank of the tool-member is of somewhat reater diameter than that in which the p lun or moves. This provides a chamber 1. Elle noseelement 4 is similarly bored to provide a chamber 4. Disposed within the chambers l and 4", and encircling the shanked portion of the tool, is a member-controlling instrumentality in the form of a resilient element or spring 11. Means for operatively connecting the sprino to the toolmember and for retaining tlie same in the barrel, are provided, as shown, and these means comprise a holding-ring 120i diameter greater than that of the reduced portion of the shank of'the tool-member as shown, and formed with a flange 12 against which one end of the spring 11 bears, and, as will be seen, the opposite end of the spring engaging th'e end-wall of the chamber a termed in the nose-element.

The periphery of the holding-ring 12 slidinglv engages the wall of the chamber l of t 1e barrel. Encompassed by'said ring is a split-rin 'ilti which, as shown, is only of suficient (iameter to embrace the rediged no edge of said split-ring engages the inwardlyextending flange 12" of the ring 12, while its opposite edge, as well as the proximate edge of 'the encompassing ring 12, is engaged by the flanged portion 14 of a hardened steel bushing 14 having a driving fit in the bore of the barrel 1'. As shown, the holding ring 12 and the split ring 13 are distinct from the shanked portion of the tool in the sense that they are non-integral therewith. By reason of this construction and arrangement, the tool may have a movement independently of these holding cle- '1 uents. In this way, the cushioning of the tool, by means of the compression-spring 11, 'is more eli'ectually accomplished, and, moreover, these parts may be nickly returned to normal position under t \e'action of the spring.

As clearly appearsimFi r: 1, the extremity of the shankcd portion or the' tool-member is slidingly support'edand guided by said bushing 14. B y .reaso1 iof'the fact that the --plane-of the 1nner face 18" of the splitring. 13 is nearer the axis of the tool-member Ethan-"is that-of the shouldent), an abutmentedge-'18 istherebyconstituted and', as this so positioned, the rings,-

Q eluding .41):

is in as anxieties-vents -a,s a1ds 9' of the shank, it will be engaged and shifted thereby when the tool'is' actuated by the plunger, as aforementioned!Then, as said 53 split-ring abuts, at its opposite edge against e fian e 12 of the ring 12, it will shift said holiling-ring 12 andcause it to flex or compressthe-s 'ringand thereby tension it so that it-will t iereafter return the tool and so adjunctive parts to their predetermined initial positions. a 2

It is to be noted that, normally, the spring holds the ring 12 against the hardened steel bushing 1-},moreover, that said ring not 15,,only encompasses the split-ring but tends to operatively holditin place; and, furthein. more, that the reduced ortion of the shank is of a width'(in the irection of the axis of the shank) to allow a predetermined degree of outward movement of the tool-memer before the shoulder 9 thereon impinges ainst the holding-ring lil and, by reason i the latter being in engagement with the spring 11, theblowfof theplunger is cashioned thereon.- The distance from the shoul "der. 9. to, theiedge' of the holding-ring 12 isfsomewhat less than the .width of said ring,vso that, (when the tool-member is being positioned in the barrel) the spring 36.;must be compressed to an extent equal to the,,atoreinentioned distance between the shank-shoulder 9 and=the edge ofthe rin I? 12 before thespIit-ring 13 can be inserted into the bore of. the holding-ring 12. When etc. are ,locked upon the shanked ortion .of the tool-member andcannot be is laced or fallofi when said member is with rawn, from the hammer-barrel for the purpose, for instance, ofsubstitutinga different size'or form of tool In structures of'this kind, it is antimportant desideratum to provide means for holding tool-membersby. the shanked' ortion thereof; and, moreover, to house illQSt! holding-instrumcntalities within the barrel so that they cannot be injured or damaged in any way; and, furthermore, to thus :arrangethese arts so that they shall not add to the lengti diameter, ,or weight of the hammer-barre or of the tool-member. I have, therefore, provided a safety-device for sneumatic-hammers to, preclude. the acciental displacement of the'tool-member,

which-might resultin its loss or in its strikposit, toistiehjdetailspenee t ingsoh far, as such, tedete lemaybe spec fiedmthe elaima'ji dore l over,-'it' is obvious that it is susceptible of a wide 'ra'ngeof modification without dcparting from the spirit of the invention.

The hardened steel bushing 14: may, from time to time, berenewed, as the same becomes worn. The principal point of wear in the structure occurs upon this bushing; hence,"it is'desirable that it be possible to substitute a new one Many necessary time. Byreason of this renewability of the bushing, the life of the hammer is greatly prolonged. This feature is, therefore, an important one,

Having thus described my invention, the construction of one embodiment thereof, and the manner of operating the same, what I claim is:

1. In a riveting device, the combination of a barrel, a. pneumatically-operated rivetingtool-member supported therein and provided with a shank having a circumferent-ially-reduced portion, a resilient tool-controlling member disposed in juxtaposition to said tool-member, a nose-element mounted at one end of said barrel for supporting and uiding the tool-member, means for movaifily retaining the shanked portion of said tool-member in said barrel comprising a split-ring encompassing the reduced )ortion of the shank, a holding-ring encirc ling said split-ring, and a bushing encircling said shanked ortion of the tool-member and abuttingthe olding and split-rings.

2;. In a riveting device, the combination of a barrel,;a pneumatically-operated toolmember supported therein and having a shank, a resilient tool-controllin member disposedin. juxta osition to said 'shanked portion of the too -member, means for operatively retainin said barrel comprising a plurality of superposed rings encompassing said shanlred portion and shiftable therewith, and an endeupporting and guiding member immovablv secured within-tie barrel and upon which said member-has a sliding engagement, and means carried by said tool-member and cooperating with said retaining means for preventing'accidcntal displacement of the toolmember from the barrel.

3. In apneumatically-o erated device, the combination of a barre a tool-member adapted-to be reciprocally supported thereby, a toolcontrolhng member disposed in uxtaposition to a portion of said' toolmember, and means vwithin said barrel for operatively retainin the tool-member therein comprising a shi table encircling member and t a -member-engag1ng element ;slnftable with-said member, and means carried by said tool-member and cotiperatin avitheaid retaining means for pievcnting't wasting-oi said tool-member fIOIl'libhObfll'I'Gi WhiiQ actv.ing undertheiinfluenceflof said tool-controling member.

said shanlred portion in p 4. A .pneumaticall'jroperzited; device ine eluding in combination, a" containing-member, a tool-member movably supported thereon, tool-.controlling uiieans. juxtaposed; to

5, saidtool-member, an instrumentality, at ranged in: juxtaposition to said tool-member eontrollingzmeans andamovable in'one directionv to actuate the latter and adapted to be itself actuated in. the} opposite direction under the influence of said controlling means, andmeanscarried? by said tool-member and co-acting with said instrumentality toprevent a thrusting of saicbtool-mcmben out of itscontainingmember. f 5. A pneumatically-operateddevice including in: combination, a barrel-member, a tool-member adapted to be rcciprocated therein,-means for actuating said tool-memwithin said barrel and adapted to be compressedby said tool-member, member-hold mg means within said barrel and comprising-a plurality of encircling elements distinct fromsaid tool memberand cushioning instrumentality 'one at leastlof which encircling elements is shiftable with: said toolmember to compress saidcushioning instrumentality, and means formed on said toolmember and co-acting with the'shiftableencircling element to prevent displacement of said tool-member from th member. 1

6. A pneumatically-operated device in- .cluding in combination, a barrel-member, a tool-member adapted tobe reciprocated therein, means for actuating said tool-member' ineludin a cushioning instrumentality within said arrel and adapted tobe compressed by saiditool-member, member-holding means within said barrel and comprising a plurality of encircling elements distinot from said tool member andcushioning instrumentality,one at least of which encircling elemcnts isshiftable with said t0olmember to compress said cushioning instrumentality and another of said encircling-- elements being adapted to support one end of said tool-member. I 50 7. A pneumatically-operated device including in combination, a barrclrmember, anoso-element' thrcadcd'into sai'dbarrel-memher, a tool-member slidably supported in said barrcl and-extending through said nose-element, a spring encircling said tool-member and housed inpart in said noseelement, and member-holding meanslhousedi\within said barrel distinct from said tool-member and adapted 'to engage and flcx said sprin 69 r 8." A- pneumaticall -operated 1 demosvv min-J cludin I m combination, la-ibarrel-member, a nose-e ement threadcd intoisaid barrel me'ms;

mi sbarreland-zextendin throug said nose member, a spring encirc ing sa1d tool-memearner r ber includin a cushioning instrumentality bar a.toolmembernslidably su ported-in her and housed in part in said nose-member, member-holding meanslhouscd within said ,barrel and. adapted to engage and flex said lspringg and including ting agiainstsaid SPI'III' and a bushing en- .gaged. and inioperative engagementwith said toola. flanged ring abut y r'saidtool mem er. 9.AIpneumatically-operated device infcludingen' combination, a barrel-member, a nose-elemcnt threaded into said barrel-mem- .-'b er,' a tool-member slidably supported in saidbarrel and extendin through said noser-memben a spring encirc ing said tool-mem- :berand housed in part in saidnose-membcr, r'nember-holding :means housed within said barrel and-:adaptcd to on :spring, and including a ting against said spring and a shouldered age and flex said flanged ring abutbushin "abutting'against said ring and engaged-by said tool-member.

10., A'pneumatically-operated device including incombination, a barrel-member, a nose-element threaded lnto said barrel-member a-too1-member slidably su ported in barrel and extendin througli said noseelement, a spring encirc ing said tool-member and housed in part in said nose-element member-holding means housed within saic barrel and adapted to engage and flex said sprmgyuand including a flanged ring abutting, against said spring, a split-ring encompassed by said flanged ring and adapted to barreldered "bushing abutting-against said flanged e engaged by said tool-member, and a shoulandsplit rings.

"1121A pneumaticallp-operated device including in combination, a barrel, a tool-mem- :b er movably operateditherein, a tool controlling =membe1": encircling. said tool member Within said barrel, means within the barrel andlencircling said tool member and dis- ;posed to engage said tool controlling member to actuate the same, and a locking instrumentality housed within the barrel and distinot from the toolmember and engaging the same to holdiit against accidental displacement fromthe barrel.

12.'A,.pneumatically-operated device including in combination, a barrel, a tool-member movably operated therein, a tool control- "mg members encircling said tool member within said'barrel, means Within the barrel rand encircling said tool-memberand disposed-to engage said tool controlling member to'actuate' the-same, and a locking in- .strumentality-housed within the barrel and distinct from-the. tool memberand engaging the same-to hold it -against accidental displacement from thelbarrel, said locking instrumentalityincluding a split ring and an encircling holding ring.

'-"13.'A pneumatically-operated device includingainucombination, a barrel, a tool- 'membermovably supported therein, atoolcontrollingimember.quxtaposed to said-tool- :me1nber,.'means' arrangednin operative engagemeiit with' said tool-member and eperatlng toi'actuate said tool-controlling member andz-eomprising asplit ring-encircling.

movably supported therein, a tool-controL' ling member juxtaposed to said tool-member, means arranged in operative engagement with saidtool-member and-operating to compress said '-tool-controlling" member and comprising a s lit ring encircling said tool-member,- and a lioldin ring encompassing said split ring, and a ushingengaging the proximate edges of the holding and s lit rings, saidannular shoulder having a s iding engagement with said bushing.

15. A pneumatically-operated device including in combination, a barrel,-a toolmember movably su ported therein, a toolcontrolling member uxta osed to said toolmember, means arran e in operative engagement with said too -member and operatmg to compress said tool-controlling 'memberand'comprising a split ring encircling said tool-member, anda holding ringencompassin. said split ring, and a bushing engaging t 1e proximate edges of the holding and split rings, said holding rmg, at its edge opposite tothe bushing, engaging. the

tool-controlling member. M

16. A'pneumatically-operated device including in combination, arbarrel, a toolmember' movably supported therein and .havin a .shank, an encircling spring at"- rangedinjuxtaposition to said tool-shank, a holding ring having one of its edges normally in engagement with said sprin a split ring interposed between said hol ing ring and the tool-shank, and a bushm also encircling said shank and normally in enga ement with the proximate edges ofesaid hoi din and split rings.

17. pneumatically-operated device including in combination, a barrel, a toolmember movably su ported therein and having a shank provi ed with shoulders, an encire in sprin arranged in juxtaposition to said sliank, a holding ring having one of itsedges normally inengagement with said spring,'a split rin" interposedbetween said' holding ring and the tool-shank, and a'bushing encircling said tool-shank f and having one of: its e g face]- or guidingvsai eluding;in'kcoinbination,i a-- barrel, -'a to'ol .movement of the tool-member, and means es .normally in en agement; with the proximate edgesof said; holdingand s' lit rings and ,rovided with a'bearing g shouldered shank dur ingtiio'trmovement of the tool-member {a I 18.-

fipneuinaticallyseperated -devioei"in-;

:edges: of; the ringalining, and a bushing arranged against the-alined edgesof the holding and second member movably su ported therein and having a shank provi ed with a plurality of shoulders, andan encircling spring arranged in juxtaposition to said shank, a holding ring having one of its edges normally in engagement with said spring, a split ring inter osed between said holding ring and the too -shank, and a bushing encircling said shank and constantly in engagement with the-same, one of the-shoulders on the shank 7 of the tool-member being adapted, when the latter moves in one direction to engage said split ring and thereby shift it and the holding ring, said holding ring having a flange adapted to engage an edge of the split ring and, under the influence of the encircling spring, cause said split ring to be returned -to normal position.

" 19. A pneumatically-operated device includin in combination, a barrel, a nose-ele ment threaded into said barrel, a tool-member movably supported therein, a tool-eontrolling member housed within the barrel and nose-element in juxtaposition to said tool member, an annular element encircling said tool-member, a holding ring encompassing said annular element, the annular element and the holdin ring both being of a diameter less than that of the bore of the nose-element and operatine' to limit the for actuating said tool-member in one direction, whereby said tool-controlling member is flexed so thatit will in turn actuate said tool-member in the opposite direction.

2.0.A pneumatica y-operated device includin in combination a barrel, a nose-element t ireaded into said barrel, a tool-member. movably supported therein, a tool-controlling member housed within the barrel 5 and nose-element in juxtaposition to said tool member, an annular element encircling said tool-member, a holding ring encompassing said annular member, the annular element, the holdin v ring, and the tool-eontrolling member all being of a diameter less than that of the-bore of the nose-element and operating to limit the movement of the toolmember, and means for actuating said toolmember in one direction, whereby said toolcontrolling member is fiexed to adapt it to actuate the tool-member in an opposite direction.

21. A pneumatically-operated tool including in combination, a barrel, a tool-member movably supported therein, a compression spring encircling saidtool-member, a holding ringeneirclingsaid tool-member and arranged in uxtaposltionzto said compressionsprmg, a' second .ring interposed between said holding ring and the tool-member, the ho ding ring and the second rings.

a so

22. A pneumatically-operated device including in combination, a barrel, a toolmember movably supported therein and provided with a circumferential groove forming two engaging shoulders, a compressionspring encircling said tool-member, a split ring encircling the grooved portion, of said tool-member, a holding ring encompassing said split ring, and a bushing arranged adjacent to the proximate edges of said holding and split rings, one shoulder on the tool-member being adapted to engage the split ring when the tool-member is moved in one direction whereby said spring is compressed, the portion of the holding ring engaged by said spring being flanged and adapted, under the influence of said spring, to return the split ring to normal position. In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

LOUIS G. FISCHER. Witnesses:

PAUL A. CUENo'r, RAYMOND H. SHEESLEY. 

